Talk:Defining education/Schleiermacher
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Rudolf Vierhaus, "Bildung," Geschichtliche Grundbegriffe; Historisches Lexikon Zur Politisch-sozialen Sprache in Deutschland, Vol. 1, pp 508-551. (Stuttgart: E. Klett, 1972). See Shaftsbury's "Soliloquy, or Advice to an Author" -- use of to form and formation was translated influentially as 'bilden and Bildung. pp. 509-510.
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Educational reformers like Friedrich August Wolf, Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer, and Friedrich H. C. Schwarz had begun to develop university-based provisions for teacher preparation and the systematic study of education. Like Schleiermacher, they combined Enlightenment humanism with a Romantic, liberal Protestantism, extracting pedagogical purposes and means in varying proportions from the interpretation of ancient Greek and Christian sources. Wolf founded modern philology and he did so partly from his own profound interest in the Homeric problem, as he defined it, and partly from the recognition that schoolteachers primarily instructed their students in Latin and Greek. Sound philological skills, combined with a deeper understanding of educational purposes and principles, would make for the significant qualitative improvement of gymnasial education. The Philological Seminar, the first of its kind, which Wolf initiated and developed at the University of Halle, became the institutional backbone of Classical philology, and it was simultaneously one of the first full programs developed for the preparation of teachers designed to replace the semester of lectures on pedagogy delivered by professors of philosophy or theology that previously had served to give students a modest preparation for teaching school while awaiting a call to preach or profess. Wolf knew the score, for he had grown up in a household headed by an ill-prepared schoolmaster for whom the call had never come. Better make teaching a profession in its own right, a development that succeeded well in nineteenth-century Germany, founded in significant part on Wolf's philological seminar.[1]
- ↑ For an up-to-date overview, see Georgios Fatouros, "Wolf, Friedrich August Christian Wilhelm," Biographische-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon, vol. xiii, (Verlag Traugott Bautz:1998), pp. 1501-4. online [accessed 17 September 2007]. For an elegant, full appreciation of Wolf, see the anonymous review of "Friedrich August Wolf in seinem Verhältnisse zum Schulwesen and zur Pädagogik dargestellt. von Prof. Dr. J. F. J. Arnoldt," The North British Review (1865), 245-299 Google Books (pp. 286-340) [accessed 17 September 2007]. This is an extraordinarily well-written and well-informed essay, which makes one want to know who its author was. The North British Review was one of the leading British reviews in the mid-19th century. One possibility is the biographer, David Mather Masson, who, according to the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, wrote many anonymous articles for The North British Review and other journals.
