Defining education/neuhumanismus

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[edit] Appendix: Neuhumanismus

In this table, showing the overlap in careers, each dash represents 2 years. The dashes starting after a person's dates indicate their career from the age of 22 until death.

      1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860  
Johann Basedow      <-1724-1790--------------------->     Educator
Friedrich G. Klopstock      <-1724-1790--------------------------->     Poet
Immanuel Kant      <-1724-1804----------------------------> Philosopher
Gotthold E. Lessing        <-1729-1781-------------->     Philosopher
Moses Mendelssohn        <-1729-1786----------------->     Philosopher
Johann G. Hamann         <-1730-1788----------------->     Philosopher
Sophie von LaRoche         <-1730-1807-------------------------->     Author
Christoph M. Wieland          <-1733-1813---------------------------->     Writer
Johann J. Tetens            <-1736-1807------------------------>     Philosopher
Johann G. H. Feder              <-1740-1821---------------------------->     Philosopher
Theodor G. von Hippel              <-1741-1796--------------->     Author
Georg C. Lichtenberg               <-1742-1799---------------->     Scientist
Friedrich H. Jacobi               <-1743-1819-------------------------->     Philosopher
Johann G. Herder                <-1744-1803----------------->     Philosopher
Christian G. Salzmann                <-1744-1811--------------------->     Educator
Ernst C. Trapp                <-1745-1818------------------------->     Educator
Friederike Riedesel                 <-1746-1808------------------>     Writer
Joachim H. Campe                 <-1746-1818------------------------>     Educator
Peter Villaume                 <-1746-1825--------------------------->     Educator
Johann H. Pestalozzi                 <-1746-1827---------------------------->     Educator
Amalie von Gallitzin                  <-1748-1806----------------->     Salonière
Johann W. von Goethe                  <-1749-1832------------------------------>     Author
Johann H. Voss                    <-1751-1826------------------------->     Philologian
Johann M. Sailer                    <-1751-1832---------------------------->     Educator
Johannes von Müller                    <-1752-1809------------------------->     Historian
Johann G. Eichhorn                    <-1752-1827------------------------->     Theologian
Georg Forster                     <-1754-1794--------->     Essayist
August H. Niemeyer                     <-1754-1828------------------------->     Educator
Marianne Ehrmann                     <-1755-1795-------->     Actress
Karl L. Reinhold                      <-1757-1823--------------------->     Philosopher
Franz M. Vierthaler                       <-1758-1827----------------------->     Educator
Friedrich von Schiller                       <-1759-1805----------->     Poet
Friedrich A. Wolf                       <-1759-1824--------------------->     Philologist
Johann G. Fichte                         <-1762-1814-------------->     Philosopher
Caroline Schlegel                         <-1763-1809---------->     Author
Jean Paul (Richter)                         <-1763-1825------------------>     Author
Therese Huber                          <-1764-1829------------------->     Writer
Henriette Herz                          <-1764-1847---------------------------->     Salonière
Caroline von Humbolodt                           <-1766-1829------------------->     Salonière
Friedrich H. C. Schwarz                           <-1766-1837----------------------->     Educator
Friedrich I. Niethammer                           <-1766-1848----------------------------->     Educator
Wilhelm von Humboldt                           <-1767-1835---------------------->     Academican
Reinhold B. Jachmann                           <-1767-1843-------------------------->     Educator
Friedrich Schleiermacher                            <-1768-1834--------------------->     Theologian
Ernst M. Arndt                            <-1769-1860---------------------------------->     Poet
Sophie Mereau                             <-1770-1806------>     Author
Dorothea Schlözer                             <-1770-1825--------------->     Philosopher
G. W. F. Hegel                             <-1770-1831------------------>     Philosopher
Friedrich Höderlin                             <-1770-1843----------<======insane======>     Poet
Rahel Varnhagen                              <-1771-1833------------------>     Salonière
Friedrich von Schlegel                              <-1772-1829---------------->     Philosopher
Novalis (G. Hardenberg)                              <-1772-1801-->     Poet
Jakob F. Fries                              <-1773-1843----------------------->     Philosopher
Ludwig Tieck                              <-1773-1853---------------------------->     Poet
Friedrich von Schelling                               <-1775-1854---------------------------->     Philosopher
Johann F. Herbart                                <-1776-1841-------------------->      Educator
Heinrich von Kleist                                 <-1777-1811----->      Dramatist
Karoline L. Brachmann                                 <-1777-1822------------>      Writer
Clemens Brentano                                  <-1778-1842-------------------->      Author
Karoline v. Günderrode                                   <-1780-1806---->      Poet







Sequence of major works:

1750-1759

  • Klopstock, Messias, (1748-1773)
  • Mendelssohn, Letters on Sensation, (1755)
  • Hume, Enquiry Concerning the Human Understanding, published in German, (1755)
  • Kant, Writings on natural history, (1756-1780)
  • Klopstock, Geistliche Lieder, (1758-1769)
  • Hamann, Socratic Memorabilia, (1759)

1760-1769

  • Mendelssohn, Philosophical Writings, (1761)
  • Hamann, Crusades of the Philogian, (1762)
  • Weiland translate Shakespeare's plays, (8 vols., 1762-1766)
  • Rousseau, Emile and Social Contract
  • Mendelssohn, Evidence in the Metaphysical Sciences, (1764)
  • Kant, Feeling of the Beautiful and the Sublime & Principles of Natural Theology and Morals, (1764)
  • Herder, How Philosophy Can Become More Useful for the Benefit of the People, (1765)
  • Kant, Dreams of the Spirit-Seeker, (1766)
  • Lessing, Laocoon: An Essay on the Limits of Painting and Poetry, (1766)
  • Wieland, Agathon, (1766)
  • Mendelssohn, Phaedo, Or the Imortality of the Soul, (1767)
  • Klopstock, Hermanns Battle, (1769)
  • Mendelssohn, Letter to Lavater, (1769)

1770-1779

  • Basedow, Founder and publicist of the Philanthropinium at Dessau, (an influential set of educational institutions limiting religious influence and advancing a Rousseaian education preparing the young for public and patriotic service and for personal fulfillment. 1770-1790).
  • Kant, Form and Principles of the Sensible and Intelligible World, (1770)
  • Herder, On the Origin of Language, (1772)
  • Wieland, "The Golden Mirror, (1772)
  • Wieldand founds and edits the journal, The German Merkur, (1773-1789)
  • Goethe, Sorrows of Young Werther, (1774)
  • Herder, This Too a Philosophy of History for the Formation of Humanity, (1774)
  • Lichtenberg, Letters from England, (1774)
  • Klopstock, On the German Republic of Letters, (1774)
  • Through Goethe, Herder appointed as General Superintendent for the Duchy of Weimar, overseeing both churches abnd schools, (1776-1803)
  • Lessing, Nathan the Wise, (1778)
  • Herder, Folksongs, (1778, 2nd. ed., 1807)
  • Klopstock, Fragment on Language and Poetry, (1779)

1780

  • Lessing, The Education of the Human Race
  • Salzmann, Little Crab Book, (a satirical compilation of inane pedagogical practice)
  • Trapp, Essay on Education

1781

  • Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, 1st ed. (2nd. 1787)
  • Pestalozzi, Leonard and Gertrude, (expanded 1783, 1785, 1787, 1826)
  • Schiller, The Robbers

1782

  • Pestaolozzi, Christophe and Eliza

1783

  • Mendelssohn, Jerusalem, or on Religious Power and Juaism

1784

  • Kant, Idea of a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan Point of View
  • Hamann, Metacritique of the Purism of Reason & Golgotha and Scheblimini
  • Herder, Ideas for the Philosophy of History of Humanity, (1784-1791)
  • Villaume, Educating the Love of Mankind

1785

  • Kant, Metaphysic of Morals
  • Jacobi, Letters on the Doctrine of Spinoza
  • Campe, School & Education Journal, 16 vols., (1885-91)

1786

  • Mendelssohn, To the Friends of Lessing

1787

  • Jacobi, David Hume on Faith, or Idealism and Realism
  • Goethe, Iphigenia in Tauris
  • Niemeyer, On the Spirit of the Times, Pedagogically Considered
  • Vierthaler, Philosophical History of Humanity, (vol. 1, 7 vols. 1787-1819)

1788

  • Kant, Critique of Practical Reason
  • Goethe, Egmont
  • Schiller, Revolt of the Netherlands

1790

  • Kant, Critique of Judgment
  • Villaume, On the Relation of Religion to Morals and to the State
  • Goethe, Torquato Tasso
  • Niemeyer, Pedagogical Handbook
  • Reinhold, Letters on the Kantian Philosophy
  • Schiller, History of the Thirty Years War

1791

  • Reinhold, On the Foundation of Philosophical Knowledge

1792

  • Jacobi, Allwill
  • Fichte, Attempt at a Critique of All Revelation
  • W. von Humboldt, The Limits of State Action, (unpublished until circa 1850)

1793

  • Kant, Religion within the Bounds of Pure Reason
  • Herder, Letters on the Advancement of Humanity, (1793-1797)
  • Vierthaler, Spirit of Socrates

1794

  • Klopstock, Grammatical Talks
  • Lichtenberg, Comprehensive Clarification of Hogarth's Engravings
  • Fichte, Science of Knowledge

1795

  • Kant, Perpetual Peace
  • Schiller, On the Aesthetic Education of Man
  • Wolf, Prolegomena to Homer

1796

  • Goethe, Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship
  • Jacobi, Woldemar
  • Salzmann, Konrad Kiefer, or Directions for a Reasonable Education
  • Niemeyer, Principles of Education and Instruction
  • Eichhorn, General History of Culture and Literature in Modern Europe

1797

  • Höderlin, Hyperion I
  • F. von Schlegel, On the Study of Greek Poetry
  • Pestalozzi, Investigations into the Course of Nature in the Development of the Human Race
  • Eichhorn, Overview of the French Revolution

1798

  • Kant, Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View
  • Goethe, Hermann and Dorothea
  • Fichte, System of Ethics

1799

  • F. von Schlegel, Lucinde
  • Schleiermacher, On Religion: Speeches to Its Cultured Despisers
  • Höderlin, Hyperion II
  • Jacobi, Letter to Fichte
  • Herder, Understanding and Experience, A Metacritique
  • Reinhold, On the Paradoxes of the Newest Philosophy

1800

  • Fichte, The Vocation of Man
  • Herder, Calligone
  • Schleiermacher, Soliloquies and Confidential Letters Concerning Friedrich Schlegel's Lucinde
  • Schiller, Wallenstein
  • Jean Paul, Titan

1801

  • Pestalozzi, How Gertrude Teaches Her Children
  • Hegel, "The Difference between Fichte's and Schelling's System of Philosophy

1803

  • Kant, On Education
  • Niemeyer, Manual of Pedagogy and Didactics
  • Schelling, Lectures on the Methods of Academic Study
  • Arndt, History of Serfdom in Pomerania and Rugia

1804

  • Schiller, William Tell
  • Jean Paul, Flegeljahre
  • Jachmann, Immanuel Kant Depicted in Letters to a Friend
  • Schleiermacher, German translations of Plato's Dialogues, (1804-1828)
  • Arndt, Fragments on the Formation of Men, (1804-1809)
  • Höderlin, Sophocles translation
  • Eichhorn, Introduction to the New Testament

1805

  • 1805 Schwarz, Educational and Instructional Theory

1806

  • Salzmann, Little Ant Book, (a manual for teachers and parents)
  • Reinhold, Critique of Logic fom the Viewpoint of Language
  • Schleiermacher, Christmas Eve

1807

  • Hegel, Phenomenology of Spirit
  • Fichte, Addresses to the German Nation
  • Jean Paul, Levana, or the Doctrine of Education
  • Campe, German Dictionary, 5 vols. (1807-11)
  • Fichte, Plan for Establishing an Institution of Advanced Instruction in Berlin, (published, 1817)

1808

  • Goethe, Faust Part I
  • Wilhelm von Humboldt, Prussian Minister of Public Instruction, (1808-1810)
  • Hegel, Rector of the Egidien Gymnasium in Nürnberg, (1808-1816)
  • Schleiermacher, Occasional Thoughts on Universities in the German Sense
  • Niethammer, The Quarrel of Philanthropism and Humanism in the Educational Theory of Our Time
  • F. von Schlegel, On the Language and Wisdom of India

1809

  • W. von Humboldt, "On the Inner and Outer Organization of the Higher Scientific Institutions in Berlin"
  • Goethe, Elective Affinities

1811

  • Jacobi, Of Divine Things and Their Revelation
  • F. von Schlegel, On the New History

1812

  • Hegel, Science of Logic I

1813

  • Pestalozzi, Swansong
  • Schwarz, Theory of Education
  • Schleiermacher, On the Different Methods of Translation

1814

  • Jachmann, On the Relation of the School to the World

1815

  • F. von Schlegel, History of the Old and the New Literature

1816

  • Hegel, Science of Logic II
  • Eichhorn, The Hebrew Prophets, (3 vols., 1816-1819)

1817

  • Goethe, Italian Journey
  • Hegel, Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences, (2nd. ed., 1827, 3rd. 1830)

1818

  • Arndt, Poems

1821

  • Goethe, Wilhelm Meister's Travels
  • W. von Humboldt, On the Task of Historical Writers
  • Schleiermacher, The Christian Faith
  • Hegel, Philosophy of Right

1826

  • Schleiermacher, Foundations for the Art of Education, (lectures, published 1849)

1828

  • F. von Schlegel, Philosophy of Life

1829

  • F. von Schlegel, Philosophy of History

1832

  • Goethe, Faust, Part II
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